VET 401: Basic Foundations

BASIC FOUNDATIONS: VETERINARY HISTOLOGY, PATHOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY & PHARMACOLOGY Core Topics by Module: 1. VETERINARY HISTOLOGY - Normal tissue types: epithelium, connective tissue, muscle, nervous tissue - Organ-specific histology in companion animals and livestock - Species variations in tissue architecture - Histologic processing and slide interpretation - Electron microscopy and advanced imaging 2. GENERAL PATHOLOGY - Cell injury and death (necrosis, apoptosis, autophagy) - Inflammation: acute and chronic inflammatory responses - Repair and regeneration: healing processes across species - Adaptation: hypertrophy, atrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia - Hemodynamic disturbances: edema, hemorrhage, shock - Neoplasia: benign vs. malignant, grading and staging 3. BIOCHEMISTRY ESSENTIALS - Carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism - Vitamins and minerals: deficiencies and toxicities - Energy metabolism and ATP production - Enzyme kinetics and regulation - Acid-base balance in animals - Species-specific metabolic differences 4. PHARMACOLOGY PRINCIPLES - Pharmacokinetics: absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion - Pharmacodynamics: drug-receptor interactions - Drug classes: antimicrobials, antiinflammatories, analgesics, anesthetics - Drug interactions and contraindications - Species-specific pharmacological differences - Adverse effects and toxicity management